What Makes Us Human?

I have been watching too much of Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles so please forgive me if this question seems arcane.

What makes us human? I had always started with what I thought was a Scriptural reference point: that humanity is derived from God's breath in us....that we are born in the image of our Creator and the breath of life we received keeps us living.

But then I would look at humanity, and I would compare/contrast humans to animals. The animalistic traits of humanity did not have to define us. We were born with certain instincts, but could use reason to temper those instincts.
Humanity could be forward looking and could delay gratification for future benefits. Humans have a 'soul' and believe in an other-worldly connection, etc.

But then I started to compare/contrast humans to computers/robots...and where futurists believe computers/robots will be some day. And then being riveted by the quote from Sarah Connor: 'It is our flaws that make us human'.

I used to think that humans were 'better' than everything else...that we were the closest to God, in a sense, because we were made in God's image. But what if we were 'worse' than other things: in our intellect, in our ability to solve problems, even compared to the 'sinlessness' of a machine?

I recently read an Esquire magazine article where the author attempts to live a rational life for 30 days and points to its difficulty. He also says that popular literature is full right now on the fragile human mind. He points to several best-selling books that are popularizing this theory...that the human mind is beset with problems. There are over a hundred human cognitive biases listed in Wikipedia alone....ways that humans don't perceive/process situations well, don't make rational decisions, ways in which we are 'fooled' over and over, etc. Computers are expected to outperform humans in the near future in terms of calculations made per second and are already better than humans in many fields. Many futurists believe that in the next 50 years, a human will be unable to distinguish whether they are having a conversation with a robot or a human. That robots (or AI), will pass the Turing Test.

Humans can still be different than computers because of emotions. But many futurists believe that computers will become self-aware. Futurists believe this on many levels but mainly because the intelligence of AI is adaptive...which means it is learning by itself. It is learning upon learning, adapting to new situations/inputs. Is it possible that computers will develop emotions after they become self-aware? Are emotions necessary or even part of what humanity is about?

That led me down the road towards asking the difference between a sin and a mistake. Most people that I know get more angry about incompetence than they do about sin. I also think that humans generally make more mistakes than they sin....unless you count general self-interest as sin...and then almost every decision for every person is sinful....because humanity generally doesn't prefer the 'other' over him/herself. That is why 25,000 people will die today because of starvation, even though as a species we know how to prevent those 25,000 people from dying.

But if programmed right, a computer will be neither...it will be neither incompetent nor will it sin (at least in terms of oppressing the other). However, what if our ability to choose the 'other' over ourselves makes us different from a computer? Because a computer can be programmed not to 'hurt' but it might be difficult to program when to sacrifice itself for someone/something else? Or maybe even that can be programmed...like sacrificing a queen so that the chess game can be won?

Where will humans distinguish themselves from AI in the future? Is it our flaws that make us human? Is it that one act in history....being breathed into?